Oana DOBRE

Abstract

3D Biomimetic piezoelectric scaffolds-based therapeutic approach for volumetric muscle loss repair

Oana Dobre

Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Volumetric muscle loss (VML), a debilitating disease that poses a significant challenge to regenerative medicine. Current treatments, often relying on acellular scaffolds, frequently lead to fibrotic tissue formation, limiting functional recovery. We investigate into the exciting potential of bio-piezoelectric scaffolds, a novel class of biomaterials that mimic the natural electrical and mechanical properties of muscle tissue, to revolutionize VML repair. Muscle tissue is not a passive structure but a dynamic environment constantly responding to electrical and mechanical cues. These signals are crucial for regulating muscle growth, repair, and function, are often absent in conventional scaffolds. 

Our research focuses on the development of 3D biomimetic piezoelectric scaffolds, employing the biodegradable and biocompatible polymer from the Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) family. Electrospun fibers, incorporated into an extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel, provide a robust and biocompatible scaffold that mimics the mechanical properties of muscle tissue. Importantly, PHAs exhibit a piezoelectric effect, generating an electrical charge upon mechanical deformation. This intrinsic property allows the scaffold to respond dynamically to muscle contraction and relaxation, creating a bio-electric environment that closely resembles the native tissue.

In vitro studies using myoblast cells demonstrate enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation within the 3D bio-piezoelectric scaffolds. These cells exhibited increased expression of muscle-specific markers, such as MyoD, indicative of robust muscle regeneration. Preliminary in vivo studies using a mouse model of VML showcase the potential of bio-piezoelectric scaffolds for inducing functional muscle regeneration. The scaffolds promoted the formation of new muscle tissue, improving muscle function and reducing fibrosis. Bio-piezoelectric scaffolds offer a unique opportunity to overcome the limitations of current VML treatments, leading to improved functional recovery and a higher quality of life for patients. This presentation will discuss the ongoing research, including the exploration of bioprinting techniques to develop complex and customizable scaffolds, the investigation of the role of specific biomolecules in regulating muscle regeneration, and the potential application of this technology in treating diverse muscle injuries.